Django Interview Questions And Answers

Django is a free and open-source, high-level, Python-based framework. Developers can use it for creating database-driven websites and web applications. It follows an MVT architectural pattern. Django is licensed under the 3-clause BSD and maintained by the Django Software Foundation. 

Python Developers can use this web development framework as it allows them to develop complex database-driven sites easily. The framework is equipped with reusability and pluggability of the rapid development, components, low coupling, and DRY principle. Since Python is quite a popular and widely used programming language, developers prefer Django due to its compatibility.

Benefits

Key Benefits Of Django

  • The primary goal of the Django framework made to simplify the developer’s work. The principle of rapid development means that developers can do more than one iteration at a time without starting from scratch.
  • Thanks to the Don’t repeat yourself philosophy, developers can reuse the existing code and focus on the simpler one. These framework features take off the burden from the developer’s shoulder and allow them to work more seamlessly.
  • Django framework is quite versatile and loaded with extras for app development that can withstand heavy traffic and vast information. Developers can use this cross-platform framework on PC, Linux, or Mac.  
  • Django is compatible with major databases and allows the utilization of the database, which is more appropriate for particular or multiple projects simultaneously.
  • Django is appropriate for the front end and back end and has a collection of Python libraries that developers can use to build powerful web applications ideal for the front end and back end purposes.

Following is the list of Django interview questions and answers usually asked during the Django interview. Interviewers will ask basic to advanced level questions based on the developer’s experience and other factors. The following interview questions and answers are devised for both professionals and beginners. This guide will clear up any queries and help people secure their dream job.

 1 . Explain what is Django?

It is a web framework in python to develop a web application in python.

2 . Mention what are the features available in Django?

Features available in Django are

  • Admin Interface (CRUD)
  • Templating
  • Form handling
  • Internationalization
  • Session, user management, role-based permissions
  • Object-relational mapping (ORM)
  • Testing Framework
  • Fantastic Documentation

3 . Mention the architecture of Django architecture?

Django architecture consists of

  • Models: It describes your database schema and your data structure
  • Views: It controls what a user sees, the view retrieves data from appropriate models and execute any calculation made to the data and pass it to the template
  • Templates: It determines how the user sees it. It describes how the data received from the views should be changed or formatted for display on the page
  • Controller: The Django framework and URL parsing

4 . Why should Django be used for web-development?

  • It allows you to divide code modules into logical groups to make it flexible to change
  • To ease the website administration, it provides auto-generated web admin
  • It provides pre-packaged API for common user tasks
  • It gives you template system to define HTML template for your web page to avoid code duplication
  • It enables you to define what URL be for a given function
  • It enables you to separate business logic from the HTML
  • Everything is in python

5 . Explain how you can create a project in Django?

To start a project in Django, you use command $ django-admin.py and then use the command

Project

  • _init_.py
  • manage.py
  • settings.py
  • urls.py

6 . Explain how you can set up the Database in Django?

  1. You can use the command edit mysite/setting.py , it is a normal python module with module level representing Django settings.
  2. Django uses SQLite by default; it is easy for Django users as such it won’t require any other type of installation. In the case your database choice is different that you have to the following keys in the DATABASE ‘default’ item to match your database connection settings
  • Engines: you can change database by using ‘django.db.backends.sqlite3’ , ‘django.db.backeneds.mysql’, ‘django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2’, ‘django.db.backends.oracle’ and so on
  • Name: The name of your database. In the case if you are using SQLite as your database, in that case the database will be a file on your computer, Name should be a full absolute path, including the file name of that file.

If you are not choosing SQLite as your database then settings like Password, Host, User, etc. must be added.

7 . Give an example how you can write a VIEW in Django?

  • Views are Django functions that take a request and return a response.  To write a view in Django we take a simple example of “Guru99_home” which uses the template Guru99_home.html and uses the date-time module to tell us what the time is whenever the page is refreshed.  The file we required to edit is called view.py, and it will be inside mysite/myapp/
  • Copy the below code into it and save the file
  •        from datatime import datetime
  •       from django.shortcuts import render
  •      def home (request):
  • return render(request, ‘’, {‘right_now’: datetime.utcnow()})
  • Once you have determined the VIEW, you can uncomment this line in urls.py
  •       # url ( r ‘^$’ , ‘mysite.myapp.views.home’ , name ‘acte’),

The last step will reload your web app so that the changes are noticed by the web server.

 8 . Explain how you can set up static files in Django?

There are three main things required to set up static files in Django

  • Set STATIC_ROOT in settings.py
  • run manage.py collectsatic
  • set up a Static Files entry on the PythonAnywhere web tab

9 . Mention what the Django templates consist of?

The template is a simple text file.  It can create any text-based format like XML, CSV, HTML, etc.  A template contains variables that get replaced with values when the template is evaluated and tags (% tag %) that controls the logic of the template.

10 . Explain the use of session framework in Django?

In Django, the session framework enables you to store and retrieve arbitrary data on a per-site-visitor basis.  It stores data on the server side and abstracts the receiving and sending of cookies.  Session can be implemented through a piece of middleware.

11 . How will you define Django programming Language?

Django is a web framework in python to develop a web application in python. It is a free and open-source web application framework, written in Python. Django makes it easier to build better web applications quickly and with less code.

12 . Can you explain the different features of Django programming Language?

 Below is the list of features offered by Django:

  • A free, rich API
  • Automatic database table creation
  • Admin Interface
  • Tempting
  • Form Handling
  • A dynamic admin interface generator
  • A syndication feed framework
  • A powerful cache framework for dynamic websites
  • A powerful built-in template system
  • Easy database migrations
  • Security features
  • Other helpful add-ons
  • Internationalization
  • Object Relational Mapping
  • Testing Framework
  • Session, user management, role-based permission
  • Elegant URL design
  • Cache System

13 . Explain the architecture of Django?

 Django architecture consists of:

  • Models: It describes your database schema and your data structure
  • Views: It controls what a user sees, the view retrieves data from appropriate models and execute any calculation made to the data and pass it to the template
  • Templates: It determines how the user sees it. It describes how the data received from the views should be changed or formatted for display on the page
  • Controller: It is the heart of the system. It handles requests and responses, setting up database connections and loading add-ons and specifies the Django framework and URL parsing.

14 . Why should Django be used for web development?

 Django should be used for web development because of the following reasons:

  • It allows dividing the code module into logical groups to make it flexible to change.
  • To ease the website administration, it provides an auto-generated web admin module.
  • It provides pre-packaged API for common user tasks.
  • It enables us to define what a URL should be for a given function.
  • It enables separating business logic from the HTML.
  • Everything is written in the Python programming language.
  • It gives you template system to define HTML template for your web page to avoid code duplication

 15 . Is Django named after that Quentin Tarantino movie?

No, Django is named after Django Reinhardt, a jazz guitarist from the 1930s to the early 1950s who is considered one of the best guitarists of all time.

16 . What are Django’s most prominent features?

Programmers like Django mostly for its convenient features like:

  • Optimized for SEO
  • Extremely fast
  • A loaded framework that features authentications, content administrations and RSS feeds
  • Exceptionally scalable to meet the heaviest traffic demand
  • Highly secure
  • Versatility, enabling you to create many different types of websites

17 . Can you name some companies that use Django?

Some of the more well-known companies that use Django include:’

  • DISCUS
  • Instagram
  • Mozilla Firefox
  • Pinterest
  • Reddit
  • YouTube

18 . Why do web developers prefer Django?

Web developers use Django because it:

  • Allows code modules to be divided into logical groups, making them flexible to change
  • Provides an auto-generated web admin module to ease website administration
  • Provides a pre-packaged API for common user tasks
  • Enables developers to define a given function’s URL
  • Allows users to separate business logic from the HTML
  • Is written in Python, one of the most popular programming languages available today
  • Gives you a system to define the HTML template for your web page, avoiding code duplication

19 . What is CRUD?

It has nothing to do with dirt or grime. It’s a handy acronym for Create, Read, Update, and Delete. It’s a mnemonic framework used to remind developers on how to construct usable models when building application programming interfaces (APIs).

20 . Does Django have any drawbacks?

 Django’s disadvantages include:

  • Its monolithic size makes it unsuitable for smaller projects
  • Everything hinges on Django’s ORM (Object-Relational Mapping)
  • Everything must be explicitly defined due to a lack of convention

21 . Explain Django’s code reusability.

Compared to other frameworks, Django offers more code reusability. As Django is a combination of apps, copying those apps from one directory to another with some tweaks to the settings.py file won’t need much time to write new applications from scratch.

That is why Django is the rapid development framework, and this kind of code reusability is not allowed in any other framework.

22 . What are the unique features of Django that make it a better framework?

The best features of Django that make it better compared to others are:

  • Compared to other open-source technologies, Django offers excellent documentation in the market.
  • It’s a
  •  web framework and one of the main reasons that people started using it. It’s the only one that can solve any kind of operation out there.
  • Django is SEO optimized.
  • Django is scalable and can flexibly switch from small to large-scale projects.
  • Versatile in nature. Django allows you to build applications for various types of domains.
  • It has a vast community to connect with and share.
  • Provides rapid development

23 . What are the advantages of Django?

Django has many advantages, but we’ll look at major ones that differentiate it from other frameworks.

  • Better CDN connectivity and content management
  • Designed as batteries included framework
  • Supports MVC programming paradigm
  • Provides robust security features
  • Accelerated custom web app development 
  • Compatible with major operating systems and databases

24 . Describe the inheritance styles in Django?

Django offers three inheritance styles:

  1. Abstract base classes: You use this style when you want the parent class to retain the data you don’t want to type out for every child model.
  2. Multi-table inheritance: You use this style when you want to use a subclass on an existing model and want each model to have its database table.
  3. Proxy models: You use this style to modify Python-level behaviour with the models without changing the Model’s field.

25 . What are Django Models?

A model is a definitive source of information about data, defined in the “app/models.py”. 

Models work as an abstraction layer that structures and manipulates data. Django models are a subclass of the “django.db.models”. Model class and the attributes in the models represent database fields.

26 . Give a brief about the settings.py file.

As the name implies, it’s the main settings file of the Django file. Everything inside the Django project, like databases, middlewares, backend engines, templating engines, installed applications, static file addresses, main URL configurations, allowed hosts and servers, and security key stores in this file as a dictionary or list.

So when Django files start, it first executes the settings.py file and then loads the respective databases and engines to quickly serve the request.

27 .  Is Django a CMS?

No, Django is not a CMS (Content Management System). It’s just a web framework and programming tool that allows you to build websites.

28 . What are static files in Django? And how can you set them?

In Django, static files are the files that serve the purpose of additional purposes such as images, CSS, or JavaScript files. Static files managed by “django.contrib.staticfiles”. There are three main things to do to set up static files in Django:

1) Set STATIC_ROOT in settings.py

2) Run manage.py collect static

3) Set up a Static Files entry on the PythonAnywhere web tab

29 . What is the use of Middlewares in Django?

Middlewares in Django is a lightweight plugin that processes during request and response execution. It performs functions like security, CSRF protection, session, authentication, etc. Django supports various built-in middlewares.

30 . What is the difference between CharField and TextField in Django?

  • TextField is a large text field for large-sized text. In Django, TextField is used to store paragraphs and all other text data. The default form widget for this field is TextArea.
  • CharField is a string field used for small- to large-sized strings. It is like a string field in C/C++. In Django, CharField is used to store small strings like first name, last name, etc.

31 .  Describe Django Field Class types?

Every field in a model is an instance of the appropriate field class. In Django, field class types determine:

  • The column type describes the database about what kind of data to store (e.g., INTEGER, VARCHAR, TEXT).
  • The default HTML widget, while rendering a form field 

(e.g. <input type=”text”>, <select>)

  • The minimal validation requirements used in automatically generated forms and Django admin.

32 . What is the usage of “Django-admin.py” and “manage.py”?

  • Django-admin.py – It is a command-line utility for administrative tasks. 
  • manage.py – It is automatically created in each Django project and controls the Django project on the server or even to begin one. It has the following usage:
  1. Manages the project’s package on the sys. path.
  2. Sets the DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable

33 . What’s the difference between a project and an app in Django?

The app is a module that deals with the dedicated requirements in a project. On the other hand, the project covers an entire app. In Django terms, a project can contain different apps, while an app features in various projects.

34 . Explain Django URL in brief?

Django allows you to design URL functions however you want. For this, you need to create a Python module informally called URLconf (URL configuration).

This module is purely a Python code and acts as a mapping between URL path expressions and Python functions. Also, this mapping can be as long or short as needed and can also reference other mappings.

The length of this mapping can be as long or short as required and can also reference other mappings. Django also provides a way to translate URLs according to the active language.

35 . Explain Django session

Django uses the session to keep track of the state between the site and a particular browser. Django supports anonymous sessions. The session framework stores and retrieves data on a per-site-visitor basis. It stores the information on the server side and supports sending and receiving cookies. Cookies store the data of session ID but not the actual data itself.

36 . What are Django cookies?

A cookie is a piece of information stored in the client’s browser. To set and fetch cookies, Django provides built-in methods. We use the set_cookie() method for setting a cookie and the get() method for getting the cookie.

You can also use the request.COOKIES[‘key’] array to get cookie values.

37 . How to check the version of Django installed on your system?

To check the version of Django installed on your system, open the command prompt and enter the following command:

py -m django --version

38 . How do you create a Django project?

To create a Django project, navigate to the directory where you want to do a project and type the following command:

$ django-admin startproject ABC

That will create an “ABC” folder with the following structure −

ABC/

  manage.py

  myproject/

      __init__.py

      settings.py

      urls.py

      wsgi.py

Note: Here, “ABC” is the name of the project. You can mention any name you want.

39 . How do Django views work?

Django views are the critical component of the framework They serve the purpose of encapsulation. They encapsulate the logic liable to process a user’s request and return a response to the user.

Either they return HTTP responses or raise an exception such as 404 in Django. Besides, Views also perform tasks like reading records from a database, generating PDF files, etc.

Every app in Django comes with a views.py file, and this contains the views functions. Views function can be imported directly in the URLs file in Django.

To achieve that, you have to import the view function in the urls.py file first and add the path/URL that the browser should request to call that View function.

40 . Give a brief about Django Template?

Django Templates generate dynamic web pages. Using templates, you can show the static data and the data from various databases connected to the app through a context dictionary. You can create any number of templates based on project requirements. Even it’s OK to have none of them.

Django template engine handles the templating in the Django web framework. Some template syntaxes declare variables, filters, control logic, and comments.

Django ships built-in backends for its template system called the Django template language (DTL).

41 . Describe Django ORM.

In Django, the most notable feature is Object-Relational Mapper (ORM), which allows you to interact with app data from various relational databases such as SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL. 

Django ORM is the abstraction between web application data structure (models) and the database where the data is stored. Without writing any code, you can retrieve, delete, save, and perform other operations over the database.

The main advantage of ORMs is rapid development. ORMs make projects more portable. It’s easier to change the database with Django ORM.

42 . When to use iterators in Django ORM?

Iterators are containers in Python containing several elements. Every object in the iterator implements two methods that are __init__() and the __next__() methods.

In Django, the fair use of an iterator is when you process results that take up a large amount of memory space. For this, you can use the iterator() method, which evaluates the QuerySet and returns the corresponding iterator over the results.

43 . Explain the file structure of a typical Django project.

A typical Django project consists of these four files:

  • manage.py
  • settings.py
  • __init__.py
  • urls.py
  • wsgi.py

The final four files are inside a directory, which is at the same level as manage.py.

  • manage.py is the command-line utility of your Django project and controls the Django project on the server.
  • settings.py file includes information on all the apps installed in the project.
  • The urls.py file acts as a map for the whole web project. 
  • The __init__.py file is an empty file that makes the python interpreter understand that the directory consisting of settings.py is a module/ package.
  • The wsgi.py file is for the server format WSGI

44 . Why is Django called a loosely coupled framework?

Django is known as a loosely coupled framework beca+use of its MVT architecture.

Django’s architecture is a variant of MVC architecture, and MVT is beneficial because it completely discards server code from the client’s machine. Models and Views are present on the client machine, and templates only return to the client.

All the architecture components are different from each other. Both frontend and backend developers can work simultaneously on the projects as they won’t affect each other when changed.

45 . What is the Django REST framework (DRF)?

Django REST framework is a flexible and powerful toolkit for building Web APIs rapidly.

The following are the significant reasons that are making REST framework perfect choice:

  • Web browsable API 
  • Authentication policies 
  • Serialization
  • Extensive documentation and excellent community support.
  • Perfect for web apps since they have low bandwidth.
  • Global companies like Red Hat, Mozilla, Heroku, Eventbrite, etc., trust this framework.

 46 . Is Django too monolithic? Explain this statement.

The Django framework is monolithic, which is valid to some extent. As Django’s architecture is MVT-based, it requires some rules that developers need to follow to execute the appropriate files at the right time.

With Django, you get significant customizations with implementations. Through this, you cannot change file names, variable names, and predefined lists.

Django’s file structure is a logical workflow. Thus the monolithic behavior of Django helps developers to understand the project efficiently.

 47 . Explain user authentication in Django

Django comes with a built-in user authentication system to handle objects such as users, groups, permissions, etc. It not only performs authentication but authorization as well. 

Following are the system objects:

  • users
  • Groups
  • Password Hashing System
  • Permissions
  • A pluggable backend system
  • Forms Validation

Apart from this, there are various third-party web apps that we can use instead of the default system to provide more user authentication with more features.

48 . What is the “django.shortcuts.render” function?

When a View function returns a web page as HttpResponse instead of a simple string, we use the render function.

Render is a shortcut for passing a data dictionary with a template. This function uses a templating engine to combine templates with a data dictionary.

Finally, the render() returns the HttpResponse with the rendered text, the models’ data.

Syntax:

render(request, template_name, context=None, content_type=None, status=None, using=None)

The request generates a response.

The template name and other parameters pass the dictionary.

For more control, specify the content type, the data status you passed, and the render you are returning.

49 . What is the use of forms in Django?

Forms serve the purpose of receiving user inputs and using that data for logical operations on databases. Django supports form class to create HTML forms. It defines a form and how it works and appears.

Django’s forms handle the following parts:

  • Prepares and restructures data to make it ready for rendering
  • Creates HTML forms for the data
  • Processes submitted forms and data from the client.